Methods Of Water Proofing

AREA OF USAGE

The usage of these systems in India is varied and these are used in various forms in :-

field crops
green houses
landscapes and golf courses.

A large variety of crops are being grown with drip system. However, the system is generally most successful for high income crops because of the relatively high first cost of most installations. Also the most cost effective use is in orchards where the plants are widely spaced and therefore the cost of the laterals is low.

Crops which have been grown with this system include the following:-

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Orchard Crops

Such as grapes, citrus, apple, pears, deciduous fruit : (peaches, apricots, plums etc.), dates olives mangoes, ghavavas etc.

Vegetables

Tomatoes, green pepper, cucumber , lettuce, green peas, cauliflower etc.

Row and field crops

Cotton, sugarcane, sorghum and corn.

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GREEN HOUSES

With The export of flowers becoming a big business this is a major area where these systems are used in a big demand is in the area of floriculture. Growing of export quality flowers is a highly technical operation and at all times many variables like humidity temperature, exposure to wind have to be controlled to get the ideal flower. For this purpose green houses are being erected in very large numbers all over India. A low volume irrigation system consisting of drippers and micro sprinklers and also misters to maintain the humidity is an integral part of the green house project. Alfalfa, carnations, gladioli, roses and other ornamental plants are mainly grown with these systems.

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LANDSCAPES AND GOLF COURSES

In Hotels, resorts farm houses, parks etc large tracts of lawns are laid, as am I golf courses. In order to maintain them well it is necessary that watering should be timely, in the correct quantity and without causing waterlogging. This is possible only with the use of irrigation systems, which for this purpose tend to be highly sophisticated with the use automatic controllers and pop up sprinklers. This is a fast growing segment in the Indian market. For that matter even terrace gardens in houses have benefited from the system as waterlogging has been avoided keeping leakages at bay.

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The choice of emitters depends entirely on the final application. Where widely spaced crops are grown drippers maybe the right products whereas where hundred percent wetting is required say for flower beds micro sprinklers may be right .In the case of certain flowers in green houses misters are required to keep the moisture content under control. Also for lawns and gold courses etc pop up sprinklers which come out of the ground under hydraulic pressure when required and go down when the irrigation cycle is finished may be required.

The systems can be manually operated or may be controlled by computerized controls where in programs whereby voice activation of irrigation systems is possible, also exist. It is possible to irrigate a farm sitting hundreds of kilometers away.

The use of drip Irrigation system has been increasing in many states of our Country especially Gujarat, Maharashtra, Kerala and Karnataka. This system is adaptable to most crops, under most soils and topographic conditions. It is particularly suited to soil with very low and very high infiltration rates under conditions of water scarcity and in areas where drainage of excess water is difficult

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